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Ciolek, T. Matthew. 1995-present. Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Sotō-Rinzai Zen Buddhism and their Teachers (formerly Sanbo Kyodan: Harada-Yasutani School of Zen Buddhism and its Teachers). Canberra: www.ciolek.com - Asia Pacific Research Online.
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Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani
Schools of Sotō-Rinzai Zen Buddhism
and their Teachers
(with elements of numeric data and forthcoming descriptive statistics)

formerly (1995-2024) titled
Sanbo Kyodan: Harada-Yasutani School of Zen Buddhism and its Teachers

Est.: 13 Apr 1995. Title change: 30 Aug 2024; Last updated: 13 Apr 2026.

PART 1 OF 3: THE HARADA SOGAKU (@) SHIKANTAZA+KOAN SCHOOL OF ZEN BUDDHISM

8 lineages, 34 teachers - placed in the context of their nested Sotō-Rinzai spiritual genealogy.


I invite - with grateful bows - corrections, updates, addenda and suggestions for improvements - tmciolek, 13 Apr 2026

31 years online and counting

This document is a part of the Zen Buddhism section of the Buddhist Studies WWW Virtual Library.

Edited by Dr T. Matthew Ciolek



a work in progress since 13 Apr 1995 - tmc
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Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 001-200
Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 201-400
Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 401-600
Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 601-800
  Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 801-1000
Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 1001-1200
Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 1201-1400
Go to Harada Sogaku, Kuroda-Osaka-Maezumi & Harada-Yasutani Schools of Zen Buddhism - References & Footnotes no. 1401-1600

Introductory notes, select Terminology and Acknowledgements

Corrections, additional data and comments will be appreciated. Granular biographical information, especially dates [preferably in 'dd mm yyyy' format] of the major milestones in the course of Zen training and the teacher's life and work, as well as information about online documents with Zen teachings are enthusiatically welcome. Please send an email to Dr T. Matthew Ciolek matthew.ciolek@gmail.com


Dharma Heirs and Teachers of the first, chronologically, of the three traditions of Sotō-Rinzai Zen:
HARADA SOGAKU (&) School of Zen
.


Chars in bold indicate early Japanese and Western Zen lineages - the first three generations of Dharma heirs and successors descending from HARADA SOGAKU Rōshi.

|| Ban Tetsugyu Line (2nd gen.) || Bruza Line (4th gen.) || Deguchi Line (3rd gen.) || Harada Sogaku Line (1st gen.) || Harada Tangen Line (2nd gen.) ||
Serra Line (4th gen.) || Yamahata Line (3rd gen.) || Yamamoto Line (3rd gen.) ||

HARADA, DAIUN SOGAKU (13 Oct 1871-12 Dec 1961) [8].

Teacher appoint. S-SOT-M-0-SENS1895-HARADDS-HARADSO [616].
Teacher appoint. R-RIN-M-0-ROSH1911?-HARADDS-L1911?-DOKUTAN [578].
STARTED regular Zen practice (1883) [616]
AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1883 #616 minus 1871 #8=12)  12 years [calc. by tmc].
YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1895 #616 minus 1883 #616=12)  12 years [calc. by tmc].
YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1911? #578 minus 1895 #616=16?)  16? years [calc. by tmc].
PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sodō Line of Sōtō Zen:  SENSEI (1895) [616]; RŌSHI? (y-rosh) [src].
FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Dokutan Sosan Line of Rinzai Zen:  v. likely [see discussion in #638], RŌSHI (1911?) [578].
Data:  "[B]orn in the city of Obama (Fukui Prefecture) on 13 October 1871." [1129] "On April 8, 1883, Harada Roshi was ordained [as a 11.5 yrs old youngster - tmc] as a Soto Zen Monk by Harada Sodo Roshi, Master of the Bukkoku-Ji Temple, and received Dharma Transmission [appointed Sensei - tmc] on the 8th Mar 1895 [616]. "At the age of 20, [= in 1891 - tmc] he trained at the Shogenji temple in Rinzai sect and achieved enlightenment from one year and a half to two years [= kensho in ca. 1992 or 1893 - tmc]" [1091].

Studied at Soto-shu Daigakurin (The "Sendan-Rin" School for Buddhist monks is est. 1592; in 1905 renamed Soto-shu University, in 1925 renamed Komazawa Univ. #1130) and graduated [at the age of 30 - tmc] in 1901. After graduation [between 1901 and 1911 - tmc], he studied Zen with many Soto masters, such as Akino Kodo Roshi, Oka Sotan Roshi, Hoshimi Tenkai Roshi, Adachi Tatsujun Roshi and Rizai masters such as Unmuken Taigi Sogon Rōshi (Master at Ibuka Shogen-Ji) and Kogenshitsu Dokutan Sosan Rōshi (Master at Kyoto Nanzen-Ji) [1091][1129]. "From 1911 until 1923, Harada taught at Soto-shu Daigakurin" [616]. "[H]e was a professor at Komazawa University [i.e. Soto-shu] from 1911 to 1923" [1091]. "He became Master of Hosshin-Ji Monastery in 1924 and later of Chisai-in, Ankoku-Ji, Hoon-Ji, Chigen-Ji Monasteries" [1129]. "In 1937 he retired to a hermitage while he was Master of the Chigen-Ji Monastery and lived in the Kakusho-ken temple. He died at the age of ninety on 12 December 1961 in Kakusho-ken" [1129].

Dharma heir of the Sōtō master Harada Sodō Kakushō (1844-1931), 30th teacher within Sōtō lineage since Dōgen Kigen (1200-1253) [578] and a Dharma heir of the Rinzai master DOKUTAN SOSAN (a.k.a Dokutan Kōgen-shitsu Toyota/Toyoda) (1840-1917) [578], the 8th teacher within Rinzai generation since HAKUIN EKAKU (1686-1769) [578].

Founder of the Harada Sogaku Line, marked here "Sōtō&Rinzai" to reflect it's innovative training program: a combination of Sōtō's shikantaza with Rinzai's comprehensive curriculum of "a standardized series of koans in order to receive certification" [657]. Likely, it was an idea modelled on the Nakahara Nantembō (1839-1925), aka Tōjū Zenchū Rōshi's 1883 attempted drastic reform of Rinzai sect [657], which towards the end of the XIX c. seemed to have lost the vigour of Hakuin Ekaku (1686-1769) pedagogy.
Harada Sogaku had alltogether fourteen (14) Dharma heirs and successors [638].

        * Name? Dharma names? (18??-19??) [638] [details to be ascertained].
        * Name? Dharma names? (18??-19??) [638] [details to be ascertained].
        * Name? Dharma names? (18??-19??) [638] [details to be ascertained].
        * Name? Dharma names? (18??-19??) [638] [details to be ascertained].

Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): ten (10) out of the total fourteen (14) 1st generation teachers in Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

  1. BAN TETSUGYŪ SOIN (4 Jun 1910-21 Jan 1996) [22][49][562][1129] or (4 Jun 1910-12 Jan 1996) [1091]
    Teacher appoint. S-SOT-M-1-SENS1929?-BANTETS-FUCHIZA-L1937? [562].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS1937?-BANTETS-HARADDS [562].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-ROSH1948-BANTETS-HARADDS [616].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (1917) [562].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1917 #562 minus 1910 #22=7)  7 years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1938? #562 minus 1917 #562=21)  21 years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1948 #616 minus 1938? #562=10?)  10? years [calc. by tmc].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Fuchizawa Chimyo Line of Sōtō Zen:  SENSEI (bef. 1931?, say, 1929?) [562][1129].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:   (bef. 1938, say, in 1937?) [562]; RŌSHI (1948) [616].
    Data:  Born in 1910 in Hanamaki City, Iwate Prefecture [1091][1129] As a boy at the age of 7, [...joined a Sotō temple] and became a monk of Soto Sect under Tanzawa Chimyo Roshi" [1091] On Jul 9 1917 was ordained as a Soto Zen monk by Fuchizawa Chimyo (Sōtō Zen) [562]. Before 1931? [(]in, say, 1929? - tmc], received the Dharma transmission from Fuchizawa Chimyo? [1129]. "From 1931 to 1938 he studied at Hosshinji temple" [1091][1129]. From 1931 till 1938, practiced in Hosshinji temple, in Obama [562], under Daiun Sogaku Harada [615]. It is from master Harada, that he "probably learned the method that combined the practice of koans with the forms of the Soto tradition" [1113]. Later [bef. 1938, say, in 1937? - tmc] received from him Dharma Transmission [562]. In 1938 became a student at Komazawa U.; graduated in 1941 [562][1091][1129]. In 1947, "he became an executive ["tanto" - tmc] at Hosshinji temple" [1091]. "Tanto, the second position in the monastery after the master" [1113] In 1948, became a "tanto" of Hoonji, Rinzai monastery in Kyoto [1113]. In 1948, received "Dharma-success" ('Inka') from Harada Sogaku [616]. In 1948, "received Dharma Transmission ('Inka') from Master Harada" [1113]. "[I]n 1948 he became executive at Houonji Temple in Iwate Prefecture, and became a top [= head, abbot] of Toshoji [Soto - tmc] temple" [1091]. He "...build Kanonji temple in Iwate prefecture, and also build Tetsugyuji temple in Oita prefecture" [1091][1129]. "Tetsugyu Soin was one of the first Japanese Zen masters to open his doors to Western disciples who wanted to approach his teaching." [1113]. Led sesshins at both temples until the age of 87 [= till, his death in 1996], and taught many disciples [1091]. Among his students was (sometime between 1969 and 1975) future Taiwanese Zen master, Shengyan/Sheng Yen Huikong (1930-2009) [1092]. "Tetsugyu Soin retired as abbot of Tosho-ji in 1992, leaving his position to heir Tetsujyo Deguchi, current abbot of the Tokyo monastery." [1113] Ban died in 1996 [1091].
  2. Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): four (4) 2nd generation teachers in Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

    1. DEGUCHI, TETSUJYO (b. 12 Dec 1951-) [22] or (11 Dec 1951-) [811] or, erroneously [tmc] (b. 1950-) [1126]
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-SENS1983-DEGUCHI-BANTETS [22].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-ROSH1992-DEGUCHI-BANTETS [616] or, erroneously [tmc] ROSH1983-DEGUCHI-BANTETS [1409].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1967) [616].
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1967 #616 minus 1951 #22=16)  16 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1983 #22 minus 1967? #616=16)  16 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1992 #1113 minus 1983 #22=9)  9 years [calc. by tmc].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Ban Tetsugyū Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1983) [22]; RŌSHI (1992) [1113].
      Data:  MA in law from Chuo University in Tokyo [616][1129]. At that time he was residing at the Tosho-Ji Temple [1129]. "[B]egan practicing Zazen at the age of sixteen [in 1967? - tmc] and was ordained as a Sōto Zen monk at thirty [in 1981? - tmc]" [616][1129]. Abbot, since 1992? [616], of Toshoji International Zen Center, Tokyo [616]. "He received Dharma transmission [was appointed Sensei in 1983, see #22]; given 'Inka', in 1992 - tmc] by succeeding Ban Tetsugyū in the lineage of Harada Sogaku [616][1129]. Facilitated the growth of Zen Buddhism in Italy (http://village.infoweb.or.jp/~fwgc8522/italy.htm) [616].
      1. Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): one (1) 3rd generation teacher in Deguchi Tetsujyo Line <= Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

      2. SERRA, CARLO ZENDO TETSUGEN (b. 1953-)[1114].
        Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-3-SENS1988-SERRACA-DEGUCHI [1114].
        Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-3-ROSH1998-SERRACA-DEGUCHI [1114].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1983) [1114].
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1983 #1114 minus 1953 #1114=30)  30 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1988 #1114 minus 1983 #1114=5)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a KOKUSAIFUKYOSHI [from 'Sensei' to the 'Kokusaifukyoshi'] (1998 #1114 minus 1988 #1114=10)  10 years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Ban Tetsugyū Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1988?) [1114]; KOKUSAIFUKYOSHI (1998) [1114].
        Data:  1953, born in Milan [1114]. Initially worked "in the world of photography and cinema" [1114]. In 1983, became ordained monk at the Tosho-ji Zen monastery in Tokyo [1114]. There he was a disciple of the abbot Ban Tetsugyu Soin [1114]. "During his training as a monk, he attended the Institute of eastern medicine founded by Shizuto Masunaga ([...] 1925Ð1981), from which, in 1988, he got a certificate of teacher of eastern medicine and Zen Shiatsu" [1114]. "After five years of training in Toshoji, Tetsugen was sent (1983+5 = in 1988 - tmc) as a Buddhist missionary [at a level of a sensei? - tmc] in Italy [1114]. In 1988 founded of the Sangha della foresta di BambŸ (Bamboo Forest's Sangha) and city Zen monastery Ensoji il Cerchio (aka Centro Zen Milano L20 #1125, Enjsoi The Circle) in Milan [1114]. In 1996, founded Zen mountain hermitage Sanbo-ji Tempio dei Tre Gioielli (Sanbo-ji Temple of Three Jewels) in Berceto, Parma [1114]. In 1998, received from Tetsujyo Deguchi Dharma transmission (= Inka? - tmc) of Deguchi lineage and appointment as "Kokusai fukyoshi" (Independent Missionary Zen master, International Zen Teacher) accredited to "Sōtōshū-shumucho" (The Administrative Headquarters of Soto Zen Buddhism, Minato Ward, Tokyo #1120)[1114].

          Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): seven (7) 4th generation teachers in Carlo Serra Line <= Deguchi Tetsujyo Line <= Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

          1. Benítez, Gomez Francisco Daisui [1128] (b. 19??-Jan 2021)[1127].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-4-HOSH20??-BENITEZ-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-start) [src]
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-start) #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  A long-term practitioner of Zen in Spain and Italy [1127]. A member of the Spanish Zen Sangha del Bambu (Zen Sangha of Bamboo) [1127]. In the mid-2000s, together with the Sangha della foresta di BambŸ (Bamboo ForestSangha) in Milan opened the GenKan Temple: Zen Buddhist Dojo "GenKan - Puerta De Luz"[Door/Gate of Light] in M‡laga [1127]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc] "in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. "[F]ounder and director of the Escuela de Shiatsu Habalkagual in Alhaur’n De La Torre, n. M‡laga, one of the most important schools of Zen Shiatsu in Spain [1127].
          2. Grilli, Giuseppe Eryu Tendo (b. 19??-)[1125].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-4-HOSH20??-GRILLIG-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-start) [src]
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-start) #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #1125 minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  A Zen practitioner at the EnsoJi-il Circle Zen monastery for more than 20 years [1125]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc]" in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. Giuseppe Grilli together with Libor Vesely are responsible for the zen programs at the Ensoji il Cerchio (aka Centro Zen Milano L20 [est. 1988 #1114 - tmc] [1125]. A graphic designer [1125]. Leads all the weekly zazen sessions and Zenkai meetings of L20 Metropolitan Zen Center [1125].
          3. Llobell, Fernando Issan Tetsuji (b. 19??-)[1125].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-4-HOSH20??-LLOBELF-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-start) [src]
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-start) #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #1125 minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  "[B]orn in Seville and a practitioner for years" [1125]. ["W]as the head of the Zen Sangha del Bambu of Seville and [together with the late Dharma brother Francisco D[a]isui Ben’tez - tmc], of the Zen Buddhist Dojo Gen Kan-Puerta De Luz [Door/Gate of Light] of M‡laga" [1125]. "For more than twelve years he has resided in Sanboji" [1125]. There, together with the Zen monk Aldo Koki Chiriatti, was responsible for the monastery's maintenance [1125]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc]" in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. A graduate of the Scuela de Shiatsu Zen Habalkagual in M‡laga [1125].
          4. Montemurro, Sabrina Koren Tetsuko (b. 19??-)[1125].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-4-HOSH20??-MONTEMU-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-start) [src]
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-start) #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #1125 minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  "She dedicated herself to art through painting and sculpture for years, and then entered the EnsoJi-The Circle Zen monastery [est. 1988 #1114 - tmc] as an ordained nun [1125]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc]" in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. In 2013 #1114, together, with Carlo Serra, co-founded the MindfulZen program [1125]. "[A] qualified Humanistic Counselor and regularly holds individual sessions in the Zen temples of Milan and Padua" [1125]. "[H]olds Zen courses dedicated to women" [1125].
          5. Raja, Rosa Myonen (b. 19??-)[1125].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-4-HOSH20??-RAJAROS-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (1988) [1125].
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1988) #1125 minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #1125 minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  A practitioner for more than thirty years [1125]. [O]ne of the first nuns ordained at the foundation [in 1988 - tmc] of the EnsoJi-The Circle Zen monastery" [1125]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc]" in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. A professional nurse [1125]. Teaches Zen to young people in schools and prisons [1125]. Teacher at in the Zen Center of Pesaro, on the Adriatic coast, Italy [1125].
          6. Vesely, Libor Tenryu Daiman (b. 19??-)[1125].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-4-HOSH20??-VESELYL-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-start) [src]
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-start) #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #1125 minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  A Zen practitioner at the EnsoJi-il Circle Zen monastery [est. 1988 #1114 - tmc] for more than twenty years [1125]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc]" in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. Libor Vesely together with Giuseppe Eryu Tendo Grilli responsible for the zen programs at the Ensoji il Cerchio (aka Centro Zen Milano L20 [1125]. A professor of Mathematics at the University of Milan [1125]. Leads all the weekly zazen sessions and Zenkai meetings of L20 Metropolitan Zen Center [1125].
          7. Villa, Bendo Hongaku (b. 19??-)[1125].
            Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-4-HOSH20??-VILLABE-SERRACA [1125].
            STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-start) [src].
            AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-start) #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
            YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #1125 minus y-start #src=x)  5 years [calc. by tmc].
            PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Serra Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  KYOSHI (y-kyos) [1125].
            Data:  "Since 2007, together with the Cerchio di Milano [est. 1988 #1114 - tmc] and [... with] support of the Zen Community Freezen [?, probably Centro Zen Firenze - tmc], he promoted the [Zen] practice throughout Tuscany, particularly in the areas of Livorno and Grosseto" [1125]. "On December 12, 2009 he founded the GyoSho Zen Center", since 2 Apr 2013, a on-profit religious body [1125]. Recognized by Carlo Serra [year?) as a Dharma Teacher: Kyoshi [Instructor, Hōshi - tmc]" in the lineage of Ban Tetsugyu Soin" [1125]. Was the head of the Gyosho Zen Center in Cecina, Livorno Province [1125].
          8. end of the 4th generation teachers in Carlo Serra Line <= Deguchi Tetsujyo Line <= Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

        end of the 3rd generation teachers in Deguchi Tetsujyo Line <= Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

      continuation of the 2nd generation teachers in Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

    2. O'Halloran, Maura Shōshin (24 May 1955-22 Oct 1982) [562].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-2-SENS1982-OHALLOR-BANTETS [613].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-2-ROSH1982-OHALLOR-BANTETS [614].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1979) [614]
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1979 #614 minus 1955 #562=24)  24 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1982 #613 minus 1979 #614=3)  3 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1982? #614 minus 1982 #613=0?)  0? years [calc. by tmc].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Ban Tetsugyū Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1982) [613]; RŌSHI (1982?) [614].
      Data:  Born in Boston, US[614]. When she was four the family moved to Ireland [614]. Graduated from Trinity College, Dublin [614]. On 7 Dec 1979 ordained at Toshoji Temple in Tokyo as a Zen nun, spent three-years training (1979-1982) under Ban Tetsugyu at Toshoji and Kannonji Temple in Iwate Prefecture [614]. In Jun 1982 completed the Denbōshiki ceremony [613]. On 7 Aug 1982 received 'Inka' from Ban Tetsugyū [614].
    3. Silverman, Paul Tesshin (6 Jun 1960-) [611].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-SENS1987-SILVERM-BANTETS [562].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-ROSH1989-SILVERM-BANTETS [611].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1978) [562]
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1978 #562 minus 1960 #611=18)  18 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1987 #562 minus 1978 #562=9)  9 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka']: (1989 #611 minus 1987 #562=2)  2 years [calc. by tmc].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Ban Tetsugyū Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1987) [562]; RŌSHI 1989) [611].
      Data:  Since 1978 a student of Ban Tetsugyū [562]. In 1987 became his Dharma successor [562]. In 1989 received 'Inka' from Ban Tetsugyū and became his heir [612]. Since 1993 the official ÒjushokuÓ (head abbott) of Tetsugyuji, a "shugyo dojo" (training temple) in Oita Prefecture, Japan [562]. In 1999, while still the head abbot of the temple, Paul Silverman relocated to New York [612].
    4. YAMAMOTO, KAKUDŌ TESSAI [562] (10 Oct 1945-) [1091].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-SENS1978?-YAMAMOT-BANTETS [1091].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-ROSH1989?-YAMAMOT-BANTETS [1091].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1971?) [1091]
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1971? #1091 minus 1945 #1091=26, #1091)  26 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1978? #1091 minus 1971? #1091=x)  7? years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1989? #1091 minus 1978? #1091=13?)  13? years [calc. by tmc].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Ban Tetsugyū Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1978?) [1091]; RŌSHI? (1989?) [1091].
      Data:  Born in Taiwan on 10 Oct 1945 [1091]. "At the age of 26 [in 1971? - tmc], he knocked on gate of Toshoji in Tokyo" and commenced regular zazen practice [1091]. For three years between 1972 to 1975, he studied under Ban Tetsugyū at Soto's Toshoji temple [1091]. During that time, he participated in activities of various Zen training temples, both Soto and Rinzai ones [1091]. In 1978 [upon receiving "Denbo"? - tmc], became the chief priest of Zyofukuji temple in Nagano prefecture [1091] Since 1989 he was appointed the priest of Kanonji temple (as a consequence of 'Inka' conferred by Ban Roshi? - tmc), replacing thus the retired Ban Tetsugyū [1091]. In 2025, was the Abbot of Kannonji Temple in Morioka, Japan [903]. In the 2020s he taught Zen Buddhism to elementary and junior high school students and various organizations [1091].
    5. Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): one (1) 3rd generation teacher in Yamamoto Tessai Line <= Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

      1. Ruff, Gail D Seiran Tenkūaka Ruff, Tenku G [562][1260](b. 1971-)[1260].
        Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-3-SENS2010-RUFFGAI-YAMAMOT [907]
        Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-3-ROSH20??-RUFFGAI-YAMAMOT [904].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1995?) [905]
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1995? #905 minus 1971 #1260=24?)  24 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2010 #907 minus 1995 #905=15)  15 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus 2010 #907=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamamoto Tessai Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2010) [907]; RŌSHI (y-rosh) [904].
        Data:  Was 54 in Aug 2025 (= b. 1971) [1260]. In the mid-1990s [say, 1995? - tmc] commenced Zen training in Japan [905]. Initially, between 1995? and 1999 was a student of Paul Silverman [905]. Next spent 1 year in Asian Buddhist monasteries and "five years in residence in American temples [incl. San Francisco's Zen Center #908 - tmc] and monasteries as a layperson" [905]. In 2005 went back in Japan and became a student of Tessai Yamamoto [905]. Studied Zen with Yamamoto for the next 5 years (2005-2010) and have completed (in 2009?, 2010?) the koan curriculum, and was made Sensei [905]. Was ordained (2006) by Tessai Yamamoto [907]. Received (2010) Dharma Transmission (Sensei) [907]. In 2010, obtained a Master of Divinity degree from Maitripa College, Portland, OR [905]. In 2025 was the Head Priest of Beacon Zen Temple in Beacon, NY [903]. Received (year?) 'Inka' from Tessai Yamamoto [904]. For six years (2017- 2023?) was the President of the Soto Zen Buddhist Association SZBA [905]. In Feb 2025, she was, strangely, NOT a member of the SZBA [906]. Worked as a "hospice chaplain and a palliative care chaplain" [904][907].

      end of the 2nd generation teachers in Ban Tetsugyū Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

  3. HARADA, DAISETSU TANGEN (24 Aug 1924-12 Mar 2018) [9][101][366][387].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS1955?-HTANGEN-HARADDS [533].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-ROSH1958?-HTANGEN-HARADDS [650].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (1946) [533]
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1946 #533 minus 1924 #9=22)  22 years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1955? #533 minus 1946 #533=9)  9 years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka']: (ca. 1955?-1961, say 1958? #650 minus 1955? #533=3?)  3? years [calc. by tmc].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1955?) [533]; RŌSHI (ca. 1955?-1961, say 1958? - tmc) [650].
    Data:  "[T]he last and youngest of Harada Sogaku’s fourteen successors" [638]. Between 1946 and 1955 a student of Harada Sogaku at Hosshin-ji [533]. Between 1955 and 2015 was the Head of Bukkoku-ji temple, Obama, Japan [553]. In 1924, born in Niigata Prefecture, Japan [1077]. "Trained at Hosshin-ji monastery and became an heir of [...] Sogaku Harada". "At age thirty [in 1954? - tmc], became the abbot of Bukkoku-ji monastery, where he taught for close to sixty years" [1077]. Selected the name "Eigen-ji" and prepared calligraphy for it [possibly, a reference to a Rinzai temple 永源 - 寺 founded in 1361 in Higashiōmi, Shiga Prefecture, Japan by the major poet and Zen teacher Jakushitsu Genkō #1308] for 1998 opening of Centro Zen Mendoza that "has been located in the home of Rev. Antonio Eiju PŽrez, at 1740 Pedernera Street, GuaymallŽn, Mendoza." Argentina [1305].

  4. Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): three (3) 2nd generation teachers in Harada Tangen Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

    1. Aalders, Nicholas Daigen Kakuji (b. 10 Dec 1950-) [206][366].
      FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in in Harada Tangen Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (20??) [366].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2008) [366]; RŌSHI (2012) [366].
      Data redirection:  See the full data in Nicholas Aalders in the Yamahata Hōgen Line (3rd gen.)
    2. Pluta, Zbigniew (Zbyszek) Genpo (b.19??-) [637][947].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-SENS2009-PLUTAZN-HTANGEN [637].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1993?) [949].
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1993? #949 minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2009 #637 minus 1993? #949=16?)  16? years [calc. by tmc].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Tangen Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2009) [637].
      Data:  Born in Poland, was a member of Zen Buddhist Association "Bodhidharma", Warsaw [947]. Genpo Pluta started practicing Zen in the Kapleau line and, in 2024, has been practicing zazen for over 30 years (= systematic zazen since, say, 1993? - tmc) [949]. During the years 1999 Ð 2000 and 2001 Ð 2002 he stayed in the USA at the Rochester Zen Center [898]. In 2003, he went to Japan for three months [898]. In Mar 2004, commenced a 16 years [2004-2020 - tmc] long training in the Bukkoku-Ji Monastery in Obama, Japan [898]. In 2009 received the Shiho (Dharma Transmission) from Daisetsu Tangen Harada [637][898]. In 2020, returned to Europe, where he runs a Zen center in Finland [898]. Teacher at the Ikian Zen Hermitage near Söderkulla, Finland [637].
    3. YAMAHATA, HŌGEN DAIDŌ (28 Sep 1935-31 Mar 2024) [12][553].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-SENS1963?-YAHOGEN-HTANGEN [588]
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-ROSH1972-YAHOGEN-HTANGEN [588].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1951) [588].
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1951 #588 minus 1935 #12=16).  16 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1963? #588 minus 1951 #588=12)  12 years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka']: (1972 #588 minus 1963? #588=9?)  9? years [calc. by tmc].
      PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Tangen Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (1963?) [588];RŌSHI (1972) [588].
      Data:  Commenced Zen practice at age 16 [1935+16=start in 1951 - tmc] under Ban Tetsugyū [588]. At the age of 25, during a Nov 1960 sesshin worked on koan 'Mu' and had 'Kensho' [634]. In 1961 entered Bukkokuji Zen Monastery in Obama, Japan to train under Harada Tangen, was ordained as a priest, on 8 Aug 1963, [was he also made then a 'sensei'? - tmc] taking the name Yamahata Daidō Hōgen [588] "[R]eceived certification of Dharma transmission on 10 November 1972" [588]. Abbot of Chōgenji Temple, Japan. There, he "eschewed the title of Rōshi, and was simply known as Hōgen san." [588] Teacher at the Open Way Association, Australia. Zen master Hōgen also taught groups in England, Spain and Portugal [76].
    4. Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): seven (7) 3rd generation teachers in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way Zen) Line <= Harada Tangen Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

      1. Aalders, Nicholas Daigen Kakuji (b. 10 Dec 1950-) [206][366].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS2008-AALDERS-YAHOGEN [366].
        Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-3-ROSH20??-AALDERS-HTANGEN [366].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-ROSH2012-AALDERS-YAHOGEN [366].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus 1950 #206=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2008 #366 minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (2012 #366 minus 2008 #366=4)  4 years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2008) [366]; RŌSHI (2012) [366].
        Data:  On 19 Jan 2008, received ordination 'tokudo' from Yamahata Hōgen [366]. On 19 Jan 2008, became Yamahata Hōgen's Dharma successor [366][316].
        Note: In May 2009, acting on his own initiative, Nicholas Daigen Kakuji Aalders publicly relinquished his role as a Zen teacher and stopped being Yamahata Hōgen's Dharma successor [226]. In Oct 2016, Nicholas Aalders wrote to tmciolek: "After a subsequent period of reflection, I sought to amend that relinquishment and on 5 December 2012, Hōgen-san formally confirmed his original appointment of me as one of his dharma heirs and made it clear that, whatever I chose to do, the bond between us was for life and irrevocable. On 19 January 2013, the fifth anniversary of my ordination, he [Yamahata Hōgen] formally stated that I 'hold our proper transmission that I also was transmitted from my master Daisetsu Tangen Harada Rōshi, the master in Bukkoku-ji, Japan.' Both the confirmation of appointment as dharma heir of 5 December 2012 and the confirmation of Dharma transmission of 19 January 2013 are in writing" [366].
      2. Batten, Eric Dokan (b. 1951-) [843].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS2014-BATTENE-YAHOGEN [554].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1990) [554].
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1990 #544 minus 1951 #src=39)  39 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2014 #554 minus 1990 #554=24  24 years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2014) [554].
        Data:  In 2001, took part in a sesshin led by Hogen-san, "and felt a fire was lit under his zafu!" [554]. Ordained in 2004 [554]. Became Yamahata Hōgen's Dharma sucessor in Aug 2014 [554].
      3. BRUZA, PETER GENJO (b. 1962-) [316][553].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS2008-BRUZAPE-YAHOGEN [632].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1987?) [581]
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1987? #581 minus 1962 #316=25)  25 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2008 #316 minus 1987 #581=21)  21 years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2008) [316][632].
        Data:  Initially, in the late 1980s [say, in 1987? - tmc], a student of Catherine Genno Pages at the Kanzeon Sangha (The Netherlands) [581]. On return "to Australia he briefly studied within the Korean Kwan Um school of zen" [1060]. In 1995, met Hogen Yamahata at a sesshin near Byron Bay, and became his student [1060]. By 2017 "has been practicing zen for twenty-five years" [2017 minus 25? = 1992?] [1059]. "[A] long-time disciple Hōgen Yamahata of Chōgen-ji temple, Japan" [1059]. "[A] zen monk and senior teacher in the Open Way zen school" [1059] Became Yamahata Hōgen's Dharma successor in Jan 2008 [316] and a Dharma heir in Aug 2008 [632]. Ph.D, Professor, Faculty of Science, School of Information Systems, Queensland U. of Technology, Brisbane, Australia [555].

        Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): one (1) 4th generation teacher in Bruza Line <= Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line <= Harada Tangen Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

        1. Cain, Emma Genkō (b. 19??-) [554][556].
          Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-F-4-HOSH2022-CAINEMM-BRUZAPE [556].
          STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
          AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].  x years [calc. by tmc].
          PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Bruza Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  HŌSHI (2022) [556].
          Data:  Bruza Genjo-San gave her permission to teach in 2022; not fully transmittedÊyet [556].

      4. Gallagher, Peter Daigyo Genyo (b. 1953-) [316][387].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS2008-GALLAGP-YAHOGEN [316].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1989?) [1330].
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1989? #1330 minus 1953 #316=46?)  46? years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2008 [316] minus 1989? #1330=19?)  18 years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2008) [316].
        Data:  Likely, started regular Zen practice in say, 5? years earlier (in 1989?), before attending the SZC 7 day autumn sesshin of April 1994 [1330]. "Ordained as a monk on 18 Apr 2003, and in January 2008, Hōgen Yamahata gave him authority to teach, lead retreats, and give dokusan" [316]. Sensei [525].
      5. Hatchett, Michael Jikai Dōkō (b. 1970-) [390][316].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS2007-HATCHET-YAHOGEN [390].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-ROSH2009-HATCHET-YAHOGEN [907].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1989) [316]
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1989 #316 minus 1970 #390=19)  19 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2007 #390 minus 1989 #316=18)  18 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (2009 #907 minus 2007 #390=2)  2 years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2007) [390]; RŌSHI (2009) [907].
        Data:  Ordained as a monk in Hōgen San's lineage in 1994 [632]. Hatchett became Yamahata's Hōgen's Dharma successor in Nov 2007 and "fully transmitted successor [= heir, tmc] and new ancestor in the lineage in January 2009. He is the senior monastic of Open Way Zen Sangha, Abbot of Dochu-an and Shumpu-an Zen hermitages in Northern NSW, and guiding teacher of Little Zen Sangha in Mullumbimby and Hobart, Australia [390]. He has been practising Zen since 1989" [316]. Since 1991 a disciple of Rev. Yamahata Hōgen [316].
      6. Reilly, Quentin Genshu (b. 19??-) [316].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS20??-REILLYQ-YAHOGEN [632].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (1997?) [632]
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1997? #632 minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2008? #632 minus 1997? #632=12)  12 years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus y-sens #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  HŌSHI (later than 2005, bef. 2008?) [632] or SENSEI (later than 2005, 2008?) [632].
        Data:  Medical doctor [632]. Ordained by Master Hogen-san on the 12th of Mar 2005 and given the Dharma name of Genshu [632]. In (year?) was given permisssion to teach [632].
      7. Togni, Mark Hogaku (b. 19??-) [src].
        Teacher appoint. *@-OWZ-M-3-SENS2016-TOGNIMA-YAHOGEN [554].
        STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
        AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (2016 #554 minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus 2016 #554=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
        PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2016) [554].
        Data:  In 2016 became Yamahata Hōgen's Dharma successor [554].

      end of the 3rd generation teachers in Yamahata Hōgen Line <= Harada Tangen Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

    end of the 2nd generation teachers in Harada Tangen Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

    continuation of the 1st generation teachers in Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

  5. Ishiguro, Hōryū [580] (c.1887?-bef. 1971) [644]-[647,p.190].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS1927?-ISHIGUR-HARADDS [645,p.28].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-ROSH1935?-ISHIGUR-HARADDS [645,p.28].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus 1887? #644=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1927? #645 minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1935? #645 minus 1927? #645=8?)  8? years [calc. by tmc].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (ca.1927?) [645,inference from p.28]; RŌSHI (ca.1935?) [645, inference from p.28]
    Data:  "Master Horyu Ishiguro is a Zen master belonging to the Soto Sect, and one of the highest disciples of Master Sogaku Harada" [648,p.109]. In 1957 conducted a sesshins at "Myoo-ji [Soto] Zen Monastery, Sekigahara, which is located between Nagoya and Kyoto" Ishiguro was "using at first the traditional [= Harada Sogaku's shikantaza and koans - tmc] method. But he wished to improve the method in order to help people save themselves from inner pain as quickly and surely as possible. From January 1957 he began to apply his new method of teaching"[645,p.28].
  6. Masakuma, Iida Daiken Tōin (1863 - 20 Sep 1937) [22][579][651].
    RIN-KOA-M-1-ROS1898-MASAKUM-NAHAKAR-L1922 [652,p.82].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-ROSH1927?-MASAKUM-HARADDS [652,p.82]
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus 1863 #22=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (1898 #652 minus y-sens #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Nakahara Nantenbō Line of Rinzai Zen:  SENSEI (y-sens) [src]; RŌSHI (1898) [652,p.82].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  RŌSHI (1922-1937?) [652,p.82].
    Data:  Medical doctor. Lay student [651]. Dharma heir of Nakahara Nantenbō [Rinzai], and Dharma heir of Harada, Daiun Sogaku [Soto] [578]. Received 'Inka' from Nakahara Nantenbō in 1898 [652,p.82] "In 1922, however, Daiken Toin chose to become a priest under Taiun Sogaku [= Harada Sogaku (1871-1961) - tmc], becoming his Dharma successor (later than 1922, say 1927? - tmc) and contributing to the success of the Rinzai-flavored Soto lineage that still flourishes at Hosshin-ji [...] in Obama." [651,p.82]. "Iida Roshi had practiced as a layman in the Rinzai branch of Zen until the age of sixty [in 1923? - tmc], when he became a Soto monk" [1086].

  7. Identified so far (13 Apr 2026): one (1) 2nd generation teacher in Masakuma Tōin Line <= Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen

    1. Fujimoto, Rindō (1894-1974) [1087].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-SENS19??-FUJIMOT-MASAKUM [src].
      Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-2-ROSH1936?-FUJIMOT-MASAKUM [1086].
      STARTED regular Zen practice in (1908?) [1086].
      AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1908? #src minus 1894 #1086=14?)  14? years [calc. by tmc].
      YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus 1908? #1086=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
      FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (y-sens) [src]; RŌSHI (1936?) [1086].
      Data:  Was "born near Kobe in 1894" [1086]. "An official's son, he was ordained in the Soto Zen sect before his teens (say, as a 14? yrs old boy, in 1908? - tmc), and since that time has devoted his life to the study and practice of Buddhism [1086]. During his student days, he had his deepest satori (enlightenment) experience" [1086]. "An excellent student, he was urged to continue academic work, but instead [at the age of, say 20?, in 1914? - tmc] he decided to enter the Soto Zen temple, Hosshinji" headed by the abbot Sogaku Harada "well known as a strict disciplinarian" [1086]. Subsequently, became a student first of Harada Sogaku, then of Masakuma Tōin in Shorinji, a small Soto training temple [1086]. "After Master Iida's death [in 1937], Fujimoto Roshi succeeded his teacher as master of Shorinji" [1086].

  8. Nagasawa, Sozen (1880-1956) [64][351] or (1880-1971)[1079] or (1888-1971)[1076].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-1-SENS19??-NAGASAW-HARADDS [src].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-1-ROSH19??-NAGASAW-HARADDS [351].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus 1880 #64=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus y-sens #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (y-sens) [src]; RŌSHI (y-rosh) [351].
    Data:  Nun. "Abbot; only indep. woman teacher in her time; many devoted students" [351]. Roshi Sozen Nagasawa (1888-1971)[1076]. "One of the most important women Zen teachers in the history of Japan" [1076]. Had over 60 students who reached 'kensho' [1076]. "Nagasawa Sozen Rōshi (1880-1971), a Zen nun. Nagasawa Rōshi established the Tokyo Center for Nun’s Training and led many women to awakening" [1079]. "An incredible teacher. Unfortunately, Nagasawa Rōshi’s lineage seems to have died out" [1079].
  9. Nishiwaki, Etsudo (b. 1913-).
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS19??-NISHIWA-HARADDS [src].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus 1913 #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus y-sens #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (y-sens) [src]; RŌSHI (y-rosh) [src].
    Data:  "Tanto" at Soji-ji temple, Japan [22]. There were seven doshiÕs [...who attended Harada Daiun Sogaku's main funeral ceremony on 12 May 1961], Monji Tokutake Roshi [Soto] from Hoon-ji in Morioka; Gagyu Kawase Roshi [Soto] from Manpuku-ji in Murakami, Niigata prefecture; Ryuko Kishimoto Roshi [???] from Kuin-ji in Obama; Kenshu Matsumoto Roshi [???] from Shinmei-ji in Sanda, Hyogo prefecture; Senkai Takahashi Roshi [???], from Eikyu-in in Miyazu; Yuko Fushii Roshi [???] from Kotoku-ji in Obama; Etsudo Nishiwaki Roshi [???] from Chugaku-in in Haibara, Shizuoka prefecture; and other venerable teachers" [1246].
  10. Shiroyama, Tomiko Chisen (18??-19??) [641].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-1-SENS19??-SHIROYA-HARADDS [src].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-F-1-ROSH19??-SHIROYA-HARADDS [src].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus y-born #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus y-sens #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen SchoolSENSEI (y-sens) [src]; RŌSHI (bef. 1955) [641].
    Data:  A lay woman, trained with Harada Sogaku "and received inka shomei from him. Later in life, she became a nun and attended to Daiun Rodaishi [= Harada Sogaku - tmc] after Harada Tangen Roshi became [1955 - tmc] the abbot of Bukkoku-jiÓ [641].
  11. Taji, Genki (1889-1953) [721,p.12 - an unidentified reference to a printed material - tmc, 28/8/2024].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS19??-TAJIGEN-HARADDS [src].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (y-strt) [src].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (y-strt #src minus 1889 #721,p.12=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (y-sens #src minus y-strt #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (y-sens) [src]; RŌSHI (y-rosh) [src].
    Data:  [forthcoming]
  12. Watanabe, Hongyō Genshu (1869-1963) [352][912].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS1927?-WATANAB-WATGETT [912][913].
    Teacher appoint. *@-SOT-M-1-SENS1927?-WATANAB-HARADDS [913].
    STARTED regular Zen practice in (1892?) [913].
    AGE STARTED regular Zen practice (1892? #913 minus 1869 #352=13?)  13? years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a SENSEI [from 'Started Zen' to the first 'Shihō' or 'Denbō'] (1927? #913? minus 1892 #913=35?)  35? years [calc. by tmc].
    YEARS of zazen to become a RŌSHI [from 'Sensei' to the first 'Inka'] (y-rosh #src minus y-sens #src=x)  x years [calc. by tmc].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Watanabe Gettan Shunryū [912] Line of the Soto Zen School:  SENSEI (1927?) [912]; RŌSHI (y-rosh) [352].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (19??) [913]; RŌSHI (y-rosh) [352].
    Data:  In 1892, was ordained by Watanabe Shunryu of Senryuji Temple, Saku City, Nagano Prefecture [913]. In 1897, moved to Koganji Temple in Toyama City, where he continued his training, and also attended the Buddhist training course of the Philosophical Museum [913]. Following the graduation, he studied additionally Tendai Buddhism at Mt. Hiei, and trained at Soto Eiheiji Temple for two years and at Zen Engakuji Temple (in Kamakura) for five years [913]. In 1927 entered [as sensei? - tmc] the Mahayana Temple and rebuilt it [913]. In Oct 1935, opened Soto Kozenji Temple in Yokohama City [913] In 1943, became the Saido of Soto Soji-ji, and in 1944, he became the 17th head of the Soji-ji temple complex [352][913]. In 1957, retired and moved to Soji-ji Soin temple [913].
  13. YASUTANI, HAKUUN RYŌKŌ (5 Jan 1885-28 Mar 1973) [11][156][161].
    FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in in Harada Sogaku Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (19??) [366].
    PRIMARY FORMAL STANDING as a teacher in Yamahata Hōgen (Open Way) Line of the Harada Sogaku Zen School:  SENSEI (2008) [366]; RŌSHI (2012) [366].
    Data redirection:  See the full data in Hakuun Yasutani in the Harada Sogaku Line (1 st. gen.)

end of the 1st generation teachers in Harada Sogaku Line <= Harada Sogaku School of Sōtō@Rinzai Zen


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Introductory notes, select Terminology and Acknowledgements

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